The People’s Progressive Party (PPP) was established as a grassroots political entity on February 14, 1959, aiming to represent the interests and voices of the Gambian populace. The party proudly bears the motto, “The voice of the people is the voice of God,” reflecting its commitment to being a channel for the people’s aspirations. Currently, the party is led by Ousman Madikay Faal, also known as Pa Alhagi, who has made a significant mark in Gambian politics by becoming the first individual to unseat an incumbent leader within the party, underscoring the notion that the authority truly belongs to the membership.

The leadership of the PPP has experienced several transitions since its inception, beginning with its founding leader, Sir Dawda Kairaba Jawara. He was succeeded by notable figures such as Hon. Omar Amadou Jallow, Hon. Mohamadou Musa Njie—affectionately referred to as Papa—and Hon. Kebba E. Jallow. Each of these leaders contributed to the party’s evolving narrative, reflecting its dynamic nature.

Originally, the PPP emerged as a political force primarily representing the protectorate people in The Gambia, but its vision expanded to embrace all citizens of the nation, regardless of their background. The party was founded on ideals centered around social justice, equality, and the betterment of Gambian society. These core principles propelled the PPP’s rise in popularity across the country, resonating in the hearts of the diverse communities that inhabit every corner of the Gambian landscape—from bustling urban centers to remote villages.

The strength of the PPP was palpable, as its dedicated advocates and campaigners, including charismatic figures like Famara Wassa Touray, Pa Sanjally Bojang, and Jombo Bojang, tirelessly disseminated the party’s message far and wide. By the time of The Gambia’s inaugural general election in May 1960, the PPP had established itself as a formidable challenger to the erstwhile political parties associated with colonial rule. In a remarkable display of public support, the PPP emerged victorious, securing approximately 50% of the votes and winning seats in almost every constituency except for four in Bathurst, effectively leaving the other parties scrambling for the remaining votes.

When the political dust settled on June 20, 1960, the PPP claimed two out of six ministerial positions on the Executive Council, with Sir Dawda Jawara appointed as Minister of Education and Social Welfare, and Sheriff Sisay serving as a minister without a specific portfolio. Despite holding nine seats in the House of Representatives against the United Party’s seven, the PPP was denied the Chief Minister role due to Governor Windley’s reservations about its proposed constitutional amendments, which advocated for self-governance and eventual independence.

In the months following the election, the PPP diligently worked to refine policies that would pave the way for Gambia’s sovereignty. While some political leaders, such as Garba Jahumpa, pushed for the Malta Solution—allowing Gambia merely to send delegates to the UK Parliament—the PPP stood resolutely against such compromises. The leadership adamantly rejected the notion of merging with Senegal or accepting a status within Nigeria that would see the nation administered from afar. Instead, the PPP focused on winning the subsequent elections decisively to anchor the future of The Gambia firmly in the hands of its people.

As the party’s popularity surged, it prompted the formation of a rival coalition— the Democratic Congress Alliance (DCA)—comprised of old parties aiming to unite against the ever-growing influence of the PPP.

In October 1960, Sir Dawda Jawara took a bold step by drafting the Independent Manifesto while preparing to attend Nigeria’s independence celebrations. This manifesto outlined strategic steps toward achieving Gambia’s independence, and the party leadership ensured its distribution by printing and disseminating numerous copies to the public. During a significant public gathering at Albion Place, Sir Dawda articulated the PPP’s unwavering commitment to self-governance and independence. Although the Governor received this declaration with disfavor, it ignited a fervent public discourse about the quest for autonomy.

The Independent Manifesto signified a crucial turning point in Gambian political history. It contained a powerful proclamation asserting that the “People’s Progressive Party pledged the achievement of self-governance for The Gambia by 1961, using constitutional means if feasible.” It further emphasized that the Gambian people possessed an undeniable right to freedom and self-determination, a statement that solidified the party’s commitment to pursuing independence resolutely. This manifesto ultimately became a historic document, heralding the PPP’s priorities for the foreseeable future and marking the beginning of a transformative chapter in Gambia’s quest for freedom.

However, as Sir Dawda was away in Nigeria, the party encountered its first internal challenge. Tensions escalated when Pa Sanjally, one of the party’s original leaders, allegedly colluded with DCA members, raising questions that threatened the unity and stability of the PPP as it navigated this critical period in its fight for the liberation of the Gambian people.